Topic 1: Mix Questions
A company migrated an I/O intensive application to an Amazon EC2 general purpose instance. The EC2 instance has a single General Purpose SSD Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume attached.
A. Modify the instance type to be storage optimized.
B. Modify the volume properties by deselecting Auto-Enable Volume 10.
C. Modify the volume properties to increase the IOPS.
D. Modify the instance to enable enhanced networking.
A company has a VPC with public and private subnets. An Amazon EC2 based application
resides in the private subnets and needs to process raw .csv files stored in an Amazon S3
bucket. A SysOps administrator has set up the correct IAM role with the required
permissions for the application to access the S3 bucket, but the application is unable to
communicate with the S3 bucket.
Which action will solve this problem while adhering to least privilege access?
A. Add a bucket policy to the S3 bucket permitting access from the IAM role.
B. Attach an S3 gateway endpoint to the VPC. Configure the route table for the private subnet.
C. Configure the route table to allow the instances on the private subnet access through the internet gateway.
D. Create a NAT gateway in a private subnet and configure the route table for the private subnets.
Explanation:
Technology to use is a VPC endpoint - "A VPC endpoint enables private connections between your VPC and supported AWS services and VPC endpoint services
powered by AWS PrivateLink. AWS PrivateLink is a technology that enables you to
privately access services by using private IP addresses. Traffic between your VPC and the
other service does not leave the Amazon network." S3 is an example of a gateway
endpoint. We want to see services in AWS while not leaving the VPC.
A SysOps administrator is notified that an Amazon EC2 instance has stopped responding The AWS Management Console indicates that the system status checks are failing What should the administrator do first to resolve this issue?
A. Reboot the EC2 instance so it can be launched on a new host
B. Stop and then start the EC2 instance so that it can be launched on a new host
C. Terminate the EC2 instance and relaunch it
D. View the AWS CloudTrail log to investigate what changed on the EC2 instance
Explanation:
https://aws.amazon.com/premiumsupport/knowledge-center/ec2-windowssystem-
status-check-fail/
A SysOps administrator noticed that a large number of Elastic IP addresses are being created on the company's AWS account, but they are not being associated with Amazon EC2 instances, and are incurring Elastic IP address charges in the monthly bill. How can the administrator identify who is creating the Elastic IP addresses?
A. Attach a cost-allocation tag to each requested Elastic IP address with the IAM user name of the developer who creates it.
B. Query AWS CloudTrail logs by using Amazon Athena to search for Elastic IP address events.
C. Create a CloudWatch alarm on the ElPCreated metric and send an Amazon SNS notification when the alarm triggers.
D. Use Amazon Inspector to get a report of all Elastic IP addresses created in the last 30 days.
A company has a mobile app that uses Amazon S3 to store images The images are popular for a week, and then the number of access requests decreases over time The images must be highly available and must be immediately accessible upon request A SysOps administrator must reduce S3 storage costs for the company Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
A. Create an S3 Lifecycle policy to transition the images to S3 Glacier after 7 days
B. Create an S3 Lifecycle policy to transition the images to S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access (S3 One Zone-IA) after 7 days
C. Create an S3 Lifecycle policy to transition the images to S3 Standard after 7 days
D. Create an S3 Lifecycle policy to transition the images to S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA) after 7 days
A web application runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The instances run in an Auto Scaling group across multiple Availability Zones. A SysOpe administrator notices that some of these EC2 instances show up as heathy in the Auto Scaling g-out but show up as unhealthy in the ALB target group. What is a possible reason for this issue?
A. Security groups ate rot allowing traffic between the ALB and the failing EC2 instances
B. The Auto Seating group health check is configured for EC2 status checks
C. The EC2 instances are failing to launch and failing EC2 status checks.
D. The target group health check is configured with an incorrect port or path
Explanation: The issue where EC2 instances show up as healthy in the Auto Scaling group but unhealthy in the ALB target group is likely due to the target group health check being configured with an incorrect port or path.
A company's SysOps administrator deploys a public Network Load Balancer (NLB) in front of the company's web application. The web application does not use any Elastic IP addresses. Users must access the web application by using the company's domain name. The SysOps administrator needs to configure Amazon Route 53 to route traffic to the NLB. Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
A. Create a Route 53 AAAA record for the NLB.
B. Create a Route 53 alias record for the NLB.
C. Create a Route 53 CAA record for the NLB.
D. Create a Route 53 CNAME record for the NLB.
Explanation: To route traffic to the Network Load Balancer (NLB) using Amazon Route 53 cost-effectively, creating an alias record is the best solution.
A company has developed a service that is deployed on a fleet of Linux-based Amazon EC2 instances that are in an Auto Scaling group. The service occasionally fails unexpectedly because of an error in the application code. The company's engineering team determines that resolving the underlying cause of the service failure could take several weeks. A SysOps administrator needs to create a solution to automate recovery if the service crashes on any of the EC2 instances. Which solutions will meet this requirement? (Select TWO.)
A. Install the Amazon CloudWatch agent on the EC2 instances. Configure the CloudWatch agent to monitor the service. Set the CloudWatch action to restart if the service health check fails.
B. Tag the EC2 instances. Create an AWS Lambda function that uses AWS Systems Manager Session Manager to log in to the tagged EC2 instances and restart the service. Schedule the Lambda function to run every 5 minutes.
C. Tag the EC2 instances. Use AWS Systems Manager State Manager to create an association that uses the AWS-RunSheIIScript document. Configure the association command with a script that checks if the service is running and that starts the service if the service is not running. For targets, specify the EC2 instance tag. Schedule the association to run every 5 minutes.
D. Update the EC2 user data that is specified in the Auto Scaling group's launch template to include a script that runs on a cron schedule every 5 minutes.
E. Update the EC2 user data that is specified in the Auto Scaling group's launch template to ensure that the service runs during startup. Redeploy all the EC2 instances in the Auto Scaling group with the updated launch template.
Explanation:
The requirement is to automate recovery if the service crashes on any of the EC2
instances.
Option A: Install the Amazon CloudWatch agent on the EC2 instances. Configure the
CloudWatch agent to monitor the service. Set the CloudWatch action to restart if the
service health check fails . This is a valid solution because the CloudWatch agent can be
configured to monitor the service and take action (restart the service) if the health check
fails .
Option C: Tag the EC2 instances. Use AWS Systems Manager State Manager to create an
association that uses the AWS-RunShellScript document. Configure the association
command with a script that checks if the service is running and that starts the service if the
service is not running. For targets, specify the EC2 instance tag. Schedule the association
to run every 5 minutes678. This is a valid solution because AWS Systems Manager State
Manager can be used to maintain a consistent state of the EC2 instances. It can run a
script to check if the service is running and start the service if it’s not running678.
Option B: Tag the EC2 instances. Create an AWS Lambda function that uses AWS
Systems Manager Session Manager to log in to the tagged EC2 instances and restart the
service. Schedule the Lambda function to run every 5 minutes . This is not a valid solution
because AWS Lambda functions are not designed to log in to EC2 instances and restart
services. They are used for running serverless applications.
Option D: Update the EC2 user data that is specified in the Auto Scaling group’s launch
template to include a script that runs on a cron schedule every 5 minutes131415. This is
not a valid solution because user data scripts are run only during the launch of an EC2
instance. They are not designed to run on a schedule.
Option E: Update the EC2 user data that is specified in the Auto Scaling group’s launch
template to ensure that the service runs during startup. Redeploy all the EC2 instances in
the Auto Scaling group with the updated launch template131416. This is not a valid solution
because while user data can be used to ensure that the service runs during startup, it does
not provide a solution for when the service crashes after the EC2 instance has started.
A company is using an Amazon CloudWatch alarm lo monitor the FreeLocalStorage metric for an Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL production database The alarm goes into ALARM state and indicates that the database is running low on temporary storage. A SysOps administrator discovers that a weekly report is using most of the temporary storage that is currently allocated. What should the SysOps administrator do to solve this problem?
A. Turn on Aurora PostgreSQL query plan management.
B. Modify the configuration of the DB cluster to turn on storage auto scaling.
C. Add an Aurora read replica to the DB cluster. Modify the report lo use the new read replica.
D. Modify the DB instance class for each DB instance In the DB cluster to increase the instance size.
Explanation:
Storage Auto Scaling:
Aurora storage auto scaling automatically increases the storage capacity of the database cluster when free storage space is running low.
Steps:
: Aurora Storage Auto Scaling
A SysOps administrator must ensure that all of a company's current and future Amazon S3 buckets have logging enabled If an S3 bucket does not have logging enabled an automated process must enable logging for the S3 bucket. Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Use AWS Trusted Advisor 10 perform a check for S3 buckets that do not have logging enabled Configure the check to enable logging for S3 buckets that do not have logging enabled.
B. Configure an S3 bucket policy that requires all current and future S3 buckets to have logging enabled
C. Use the s3-bucket-logging-enabled AWS Config managed rule. Add a remediation action that uses an AWS Lambda function to enable logging.
D. Use the s3-bucket-logging-enabled AWS Config managed rule. Add a remediation action that uses the AWS-ConfigureS3BucketLoggmg AWS Systems Manager Automation runbook to enable logging.
Explanation:
AWS Config Managed Rule for S3 Logging:
The s3-bucket-logging-enabled AWS Config rule checks whether S3 buckets have
logging enabled.
Steps:
: AWS Config Managed Rules
Using AWS Lambda for Remediation:
Create a Lambda function that enables logging on S3 buckets.
Steps:
Write a Lambda function in Python or Node.js to enable logging.
Configure the function to trigger on non-compliant buckets.
Reference: AWS Lambda
Using AWS Systems Manager Automation:
The AWS-ConfigureS3BucketLogging runbook automates enabling logging.
Steps:
Go to the AWS Management Console.
Navigate to Systems Manager.
Create an Automation document or use the existing AWS-ConfigureS3BucketLogging
runbook.
Configure the remediation action to use this runbook.
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